Small Intestine Inside of Body Drawing

Beefcake of the Digestive System

• Medical Author: Sandeep Mukherjee, MD, MB, BCh
• Medical Editor: John P. Cunha, Practise, FACOEP

Reviewed on four/17/2020

• Facts
  • Anatomy of the Digestive System Facts
• Oral Cavity
  • Oral cavity and Salivary Glands
• Swallowing
  • Esophagus
• Acrid
  • Tummy
• Peristalsis
  • Pocket-size Intestine
  • Large Intestine
• Guide
  • Anatomy of the Digestive Organization Topic Guide

Anatomy of the Digestive System Facts

Picture of the digestive system

• Digestion is the process by which food is broken down into smaller pieces so the body can use them to build and nourish cells and to provide energy.
• Digestion involves the mixing of food, its movement through the digestive tract (likewise known every bit the alimentary culvert), and the chemical breakdown of larger molecules into smaller molecules.
• Every slice of food eaten has to be broken down into smaller nutrients that the body can absorb, which is why it takes hours to fully digest food.
• The digestive system is made up of the digestive tract. This consists of a long tube of organs that runs from the mouth to the anus and includes the esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and big intestine, together with the liver, gallbladder, and pancreas, which produce important secretions for digestion that drain into the small intestine.
• The digestive tract in an adult is about thirty feet long.

Oral fissure and Salivary Glands

Digestion begins in the mouth, where chemical and mechanical digestion occurs. Saliva or spit, produced past the salivary glands (located under the tongue and near the lower jaw), is released into the oral fissure. Saliva begins to intermission down the nutrient, moistening it and making information technology easier to swallow. A digestive enzyme (amylase) in the saliva begins to break down the carbohydrates (starches and sugars). 1 of the nigh important functions of the mouth is chewing. Chewing allows food to exist mashed into a soft mass that is easier to swallow and digest afterwards.

Movements past the tongue and the mouth push the food to the back of the pharynx for it to exist swallowed. A flexible flap called the epiglottis closes over the trachea (windpipe) to ensure that food enters the esophagus and non the windpipe to prevent choking.

Esophagus

Illustration of the digestive organization.

One time nutrient is swallowed, information technology enters the esophagus, a muscular tube that is about ten inches long. The esophagus is located betwixt the throat and the stomach. Muscular wavelike contractions known every bit peristalsis push the nutrient down through the esophagus to the tum. A muscular band (cardiac sphincter) at the end of the esophagus allows food to enter the stomach, and, so, it squeezes close to prevent nutrient and fluid from going support the esophagus.

Stomach

The stomach is a J-shaped organ that lies between the esophagus and the small intestine in the upper belly. The stomach has 3 principal functions: to store the swallowed food and liquid; to mix upwardly the food, liquid, and digestive juices produced by the sto mach; and to slowly empty its contents into the pocket-size intestine.

Only a few substances, such equally water and alcohol, can be captivated directly from the stomach. Whatever other nutrient substances must undergo the digestive processes of the breadbasket. The stomach'southward strong muscular walls mix and churn the food with acids and enzymes (gastric juice), breaking it into smaller pieces. About three quarts of the gastric juice is produced past glands in the stomach every day.

The nutrient is processed into a semiliquid form called chyme. After eating a meal, the chyme is slowly released a little at a time through the pyloric sphincter, a thickened muscular band betwixt the stomach and the kickoff part of the small intestine called the duodenum. Near food leaves the stomach by four hours after eating.

SLIDESHOW

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Small-scale Intestine

Most digestion and absorption of food occurs in the pocket-size intestine. The small intestine is a narrow, twisting tube that occupies most of the lower abdomen between the tum and the starting time of the large intestine. It extends about 20 feet in length. The minor intestine consists of three parts: the duodenum (the C-shaped part), the jejunum (the coiled midsection), and the ileum (the terminal section).

The small-scale intestine has two important functions.

1. The digestive process is completed here by enzymes and other substances made by intestinal cells, the pancreas, and the liver. Glands in the intestine walls secrete enzymes that breakdown starches and sugars. The pancreas secretes enzymes into the minor intestine that help breakdown carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. The liver produces bile, which is stored in the gallbladder. Bile helps to make fat molecules (which otherwise are not soluble in water) soluble, and so they tin can be absorbed by the trunk.
2. The pocket-size intestine absorbs the nutrients from the digestive procedure. The inner wall of the small intestine is covered by millions of tiny fingerlike projections called villi. The villi are covered with even tinier projections called microvilli. The combination of villi and microvilli increase the surface surface area of the small intestine greatly, allowing absorption of nutrients to occur. Undigested material travels next to the big intestine.

Large Intestine

The large intestine forms an upside down U over the coiled small intestine. It begins at the lower right-hand side of the body and ends on the lower left-paw side. The large intestine is about 5-6 feet long. It has iii parts: the cecum, the colon, and the rectum. The cecum is a pouch at the beginning of the big intestine. This area allows food to pass from the small-scale intestine to the large intestine. The colon is where fluids and salts are captivated and extends from the cecum to the rectum. The last part of the large intestine is the rectum, which is where feces (waste matter textile) is stored earlier leaving the body through the anus.

The primary job of the large intestine is to remove water and salts (electrolytes) from the undigested material and to form solid waste material that can be excreted. Bacteria in the large intestine help to suspension downwards the undigested materials. The remaining contents of the large intestine are moved toward the rectum, where feces are stored until they leave the body through the anus as a bowel move.

From

Reviewed on four/17/2020

References

MedscapeReference.com. Upper GI Tract Beefcake.

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Source: https://www.emedicinehealth.com/anatomy_of_the_digestive_system/article_em.htm

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